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Ice dam (roof)
An ice dam is an ice build-up on roofs of buildings which may cause water damage to the building and contents if the water leaks through the roof.
==Overview==
An ice dam is a problem of house and building maintenance on sloping roofs in cold climates. Ice dams on roofs form when accumulated snow on a sloping roof melts and flows down the roof, under the insulating blanket of snow, until it reaches below freezing temperature air, typically at the eaves. When the meltwater reaches the freezing air, ice accumulates, forming a dam, and snow that melts later cannot drain properly through the dam.〔Paul Fisette, "Preventing Ice Dams", ''Roofing, flashing & waterproofing''. Newtown, CT: Taunton Press, 2005. 54.〕 Ice dams may result in leaks through the roofing material, possibly resulting in damaged ceilings, walls, roof structure and insulation, damage or injury when the ice dam falls off or from attempts to remove ice dams.
The melting of roof snow comes from two reasons: Heat from inadequate roof insulation and heat leaks, and inadequate ventilation. This condition is called a warm roof and the heat conducted through the roof melts snow on those areas of the roof that are above heated living spaces, but the snow does not melt on roof overhangs. Also, a small amount of ice damming can occur from the normal freeze-thaw cycle melts snow on warm or sunny days. This snowmelt continues to run down the roof on cold nights and freezes when it contacts the cold air.〔Hansen, Erik. ''Snow engineering: recent advances and developments: proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Snow Engineering'': Trondheim, Norway, 19-21 June, 2000. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 2000. 219.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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